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Production planning is the planning of production and manufacturing processes in a company or industry. It utilizes the resource allocation of activities of employees, materials and production capacity, in order to serve different customers.〔Fargher, Hugh E., and Richard A. Smith. "Method and system for production planning." U.S. Patent No. 5,586,021. 17 Dec. 1996.〕 Different types of production methods, such as single item manufacturing, batch production, mass production, continuous production etc. have their own type of production planning. Production planning can be combined with production control into production planning and control, or it can be combined and or integrated into enterprise resource planning. Production planning is used in companies in several different industries, including agriculture, industry, amusement industry, etc. == Overview == Production planning is a plan for the future production, in which the facilities needed are determined and arranged.〔Telsang, Martand. ''Industrial engineering and production management.'' S. Chand, 2006.〕 A production planning is made periodically for a specific time period, called the planning horizon. It can comprise the following activities: * Determination of the required product mix and factory load to satisfy customers needs.〔Hung, Yi-Feng, and Robert C. Leachman. "A production planning methodology for semiconductor manufacturing based on iterative simulation and linear programming calculations." ''Semiconductor Manufacturing, IEEE Transactions on'' 9.2 (1996): 257-269.〕 * Matching the required level of production to the existing resources.〔Boucher, Thomas O. "The choice of cost parameters in machining cost models." The Engineering Economist 32.3 (1987): 217-230.〕 * Scheduling and choosing the actual work to be started in the manufacturing facility"〔〔 * Setting up and delivering production orders to production facilities.〔Bertrand, J. W. M., and W. G. M. M. Rutten. "Evaluation of three production planning procedures for the use of recipe flexibility." European journal of operational research 115.1 (1999): 179-194.〕 In order to develop production plans, the production planner or production planning department needs to work closely together with the marketing department and sales department. They can provide sales forecasts, or a listing of customer orders."〔August-Wilhelm Scheer (1984) Scheer, A-W. "Production control and information systems." ''Methods and Tools for Computer Integrated Manufacturing.'' Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1984. 138-178.〕 The "work is usually selected from a variety of product types which may require different resources and serve different customers. Therefore, the selection must optimize customer-independent performance measures such as cycle time and customer-dependent performance measures such as on-time delivery."〔 A critical factors in production planning is "the accurate estimation of the productive capacity of available resources, yet this is one of the most difficult tasks to perform well."〔Solberg, James J. "Capacity planning with a stochastic workflow model." AIIE Transactions 13.2 (1981): 116-122.〕 Production planning should always take "into account material availability, resource availability and knowledge of future demand."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「production planning」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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